{"id":1227,"date":"2016-07-26T12:59:22","date_gmt":"2016-07-26T15:59:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nachodelatorre.com.ar\/mosconi\/?p=1227"},"modified":"2016-07-26T12:59:22","modified_gmt":"2016-07-26T15:59:22","slug":"en-el-futuro-se-podran-detener-ataques-con-camiones-con-solo-presionar-un-boton","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/?p=1227","title":{"rendered":"En el futuro, se podr\u00e1n detener ataques con camiones con s\u00f3lo presionar un bot\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"

La polic\u00eda francesa en Niza pudo detener un ataque realizado el jueves pasado s\u00f3lo despu\u00e9s de que el terrorista mat\u00f3 al menos 84 personas con un cami\u00f3n. En un futuro cercano, las autoridades locales podr\u00e1n detener ataques similares realizados con veh\u00edculos aplicando t\u00e1cticas y tecnolog\u00edas desarrolladas a trav\u00e9s de la dura experiencia adquirida en contrarrestar la amenaza de terroristas y delincuentes. En la \u00faltima d\u00e9cada, en los EEUU se han creado diversos dispositivos para detener veh\u00edculos en movimiento en puntos de control, minimizando la posibilidad de da\u00f1ar a inocentes. Algunos podr\u00edan ser desplegados en calles y rutas mientras otros, aunque no letales, presentan un nivel de riesgos inadmisible en temas de seguridad ciudadana.<\/p>\n

Sound guns, car zappers, and pain rays are some of the ways we will (and won\u2019t) stop vehicle-based terrorism in the next decade. <\/span> <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

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French police in Nice stopped Thursday\u2019s deadly <\/strong>truck attack only after the terrorist killed at least 84 people.\u00a0But someday soon, local law enforcement may stop similar vehicle-borne attacks using\u00a0technologies and tactics developed through\u00a0hard experience\u00a0by French and allied\u00a0militaries.<\/p>\n

Over the last decade, the Pentagon has created various devices\u00a0to stop moving vehicles at checkpoints without harming civilians. Some of could be deployed to city streets, according to one\u00a0Transportation Security Administration official.\u00a0Others would need\u00a0modifications; still others, though technically non-lethal, were a\u00a0no-go.<\/p>\n

Here\u2019s a brief\u00a0list:<\/p>\n

Sound\u00a0guns<\/strong><\/p>\n

After an\u00a0al-Qaeda boat crew\u00a0blew a hole in\u00a0the USS<\/span>\u00a0Cole in 2000, a company called American Technology Corporation developed a method to shoot noise a long way along a relatively narrow channel. They named it the long-range acoustic device, or LRAD<\/span>. (The company has since changed its name to the\u00a0LRAD<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Corporation.) These systems use an array of differently shaped transducers to create sound waves that are lower and flatter than regular amplified waves. That allows the device to focus loud noises \u2014 up to and including painfully loud \u2014\u00a0at a particular spot up to 8,900 meters\u00a0away.<\/p>\n

The LRAD<\/span> Company makes a version of the device that can be remotely operated,\u00a0and thus, theoretically, could be positioned on city streets and activated by a police force upon learning of a truck attack. But company officials, who say\u00a0the device is not intended as a weapon but rather a warning system, say the system is not yet loud enough to stop a terrorist or focused enough to spare\u00a0bystanders\u2019\u00a0ears.<\/p>\n

The TSA<\/span> official called long-range acoustics an area \u201cwe\u2019re monitoring.\u201d (He spoke to Defense One<\/em> on condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to discuss current research publically.) \u201cI think it\u2019s an interesting concept in terms of stopping\u00a0someone.\u201d<\/p>\n

The military\u2019s Joint Non-Lethal Weapons Program has been working on a next-generation sound gun<\/a> that uses direct energy to create a ball of plasma (the fourth state of matter after gas, liquid, and solid) at a specific point in space as many as 100 meters away. The gun would then use\u00a0subsequent blasts of directed energy to manipulate the plasma ball to create noises of up to up to 130 decibels. People that are close to the ball, a truck attacker for instance, would get the brunt of the noise, but onlookers would be largely spared. (Defense One <\/em>has asked Joint Non-Lethal Weapons Program for an update on the research; we\u2019ll let you know if we hear\u00a0back.)<\/p>\n

Visual\u00a0dazzlers<\/strong><\/p>\n

In\u00a02004<\/a>, U.S.<\/span> soldiers in Iraq were seeing roughly one event per day in which cars\u00a0charged a\u00a0checkpoint\u00a0or soldiers fired on approaching vehicles that they believed to be a threat. (Often\u00a0the drivers simply didn\u2019t understand the commands the\u00a0soldiers were giving\u00a0them.)<\/p>\n

So the military issued 400 green lasers to soldiers to temporarily blind drivers, an act that\u2019s called \u201cdazzling.\u201d The number of fatal checkpoint incidents decreased\u00a0dramatically. The military has since issued some 16,000 lasers for checkpoint\u00a0security.<\/p>\n

Sticking dazzler guns on city streets to stop truck attackers is impractical and probably a no-go for legal\u00a0reasons.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe problem with something like that is the potential to do physical harm to a subject,\u201d the TSA<\/span> official told us. \u201cIt\u2019s probably non-lethal unless the person has an accident and kills himself. But it would be something we would have to look at from, not only a technical perspective but a legal perspective, would this even be practical for law enforcement to\u00a0do?\u201d<\/p>\n

Active\u00a0Denial<\/strong><\/p>\n

The same considerations that would keep police from deploying blinding lasers apply to the so-called active denial system, or ADS<\/span><\/a>. It sends millimeter-wave radiation into the skin at about \u00a01\/64th of an inch, which is incredibly uncomfortable but otherwise harmless. Though it was deployed briefly to Afghanistan, it was never\u00a0used.<\/p>\n

The military subjected ADS<\/span> to full treaty and legal review. \u201cThese reviews have determined there are no legal prohibitions to the development and use of this technology when it is employed properly and in accordance with appropriate tactics, techniques and procedures,\u201d Kelly Hughes, a former spokesperson for the Joint Non-Lethal Weapons Directorate, told Defense One<\/em><\/a> last\u00a0year.<\/p>\n

But that doesn\u2019t mean that cities can just go ahead and install pain rays on overpasses and not expect to be\u00a0sued.<\/p>\n

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\u201cI think that would definitely be challenged legally and ethically\u201d the TSA<\/span> official\u00a0said.<\/p>\n

Electromagnetic Car\u00a0Zapping<\/strong><\/p>\n

Modern vehicles are a lot more than internal combustion engines and wheels. Increasingly complex electronic systems play a larger and larger role in nearly every aspect of vehicle operation. If you can fry the 100 plus microprocessors that are common on modern autos, you can stop the car in\u00a0place.<\/p>\n

Military and high security facilities use a system of pre-implanted rods that pop out of the ground and send 150,000 volts directly into cars electronic systems. \u201cThey\u2019re effective. They work well,\u201d said the\u00a0official.<\/p>\n

But telling a community board to tear up city streets in order to place electricity roads at street corners to is a tough sell. \u201cWhen you say city streets, I\u2019m not sure there would be a lawful use case for putting those just at an intersection,\u201d the official\u00a0said.<\/p>\n

What if you could make a temporary version of the system that could be brought in to protect large crowds during high capacity events but then removed? \u201cWe haven\u2019t seen anything like that. It would be of interest,\u201d he\u00a0said.<\/p>\n

There\u2019s more than one way to fry a\u00a0car.<\/p>\n

Back in 2010, the Air Force Air Armament Center put out a request for information<\/a> for a non-lethal car zapper. A company called Eureka Aerospace responded with an electromagnetic pulse cannon, (called the High Powered Electro Magnetic System, or HPEMS<\/span>,) capable of killing a car\u2019s electronics at a distance of 650\u00a0feet.<\/p>\n

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