{"id":15851,"date":"2024-11-02T06:21:53","date_gmt":"2024-11-02T09:21:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/?p=15851"},"modified":"2024-11-02T06:21:53","modified_gmt":"2024-11-02T09:21:53","slug":"mujeres-en-guerra-como-la-industria-armamentistica-de-ucrania-esta-reemplazando-a-los-hombres-enviados-a-combatir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/?p=15851","title":{"rendered":"Mujeres en guerra, c\u00f3mo la industria armament\u00edstica de Ucrania est\u00e1 reemplazando a los hombres enviados a combatir"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>El art\u00edculo de este prestigioso medio,\u00a0Pol\u00edtico, destaca el importante papel que desempe\u00f1an las mujeres ucranianas en la industria de defensa en medio de la invasi\u00f3n rusa en curso. A medida que los hombres son reclutados, las mujeres han ido asumiendo cada vez m\u00e1s funciones como el ensamblaje de drones, la fabricaci\u00f3n de defensa y el liderazgo dentro de las empresas que producen equipos militares. A pesar del costo f\u00edsico y emocional, mujeres como Halyna Yavorska y Valentyna (un seud\u00f3nimo) expresan su compromiso con el esfuerzo b\u00e9lico, e incluso encuentran formas de proteger a sus seres queridos y a sus comunidades. Este cambio refleja cambios m\u00e1s amplios en la sociedad ucraniana, donde las mujeres est\u00e1n asumiendo funciones esenciales que tradicionalmente ocupaban los hombres.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"sidebar-grid__container\">\n<div class=\"sidebar-grid__content article__content\">\n<p>KYIV \u2014 Halyna Yavorska is a lawyer, but she\u2019s got a second job that\u2019s at least as important \u2014 assembling the drones that are a mainstay of Ukraine\u2019s army as it fights off Russian invaders.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhen my husband went to war, I understood I also wanted to be useful. He is a drone pilot. So, about a year ago, I decided to join the small production of drones,\u201d Yavorska said. \u201cWe started from 70 drones a month and now we can produce a couple of thousand in a week. Our team also grew from six people to 40 \u2014 10 of whom are women.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Yavorska isn\u2019t alone.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"sidebar-grid__sidebar\"><\/aside>\n<div class=\"sidebar-grid__container\">\n<div class=\"sidebar-grid__content article__content\">\n<p>Unlike Ukrainian men of fighting age, women have the right to flee the war-torn country, and millions have already done so. But many others have chosen to stay, some volunteering for the military while others step in to fill gaps in the economy caused by the absence of so many men.<\/p>\n<p>While women have replaced men in jobs from construction to driving trucks, they are also a large and growing presence at defense companies, where they make up 38 percent of the workforce at state defense concern Ukroboronprom. Even more work in the private defense sector.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThere are not enough people everywhere now. I believe that women should step up. The war is going hard on us, but it is also a chance for us to acquire a new profession, to revise our skills,\u201d Yavorska said.<\/p>\n<p>That\u2019s what Yuliia Vysotska has been doing as well.<\/p>\n<p>She\u2019s a top sales executive at Praktika, a company that before the war specialized in safes and other equipment for the banking industry, as well as bulletproof glass. In 2009 the company made its first Kozak armored vehicle.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBack then nobody was interested in it. But we continued working on them. So with the start of the war, we knew how to do it and were able to reorient our production quickly,\u201d Vysotska said.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"sidebar-grid__sidebar\"><\/aside>\n<div class=\"sidebar-grid__container\">\n<div class=\"sidebar-grid__content article__content\">\n<p>Now Kozak infantry mobility vehicles are on the frontlines, and took part in the Ukrainian offensive in Russia\u2019s Kursk region.<\/p>\n<p>In the workshop below her office, dozens of men wearing protective gear pour molten metal to be forged into armor plates, while the sound of welding fills the air.<\/p>\n<p>Vysotska, who is also head of the Ukrainian Defense Enterprises League, an industry lobby, said there is no time for male chauvinism while Ukraine is fighting for its life.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_15853\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15853\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-15853\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/GettyImages-2170940780.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/GettyImages-2170940780.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/GettyImages-2170940780-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/GettyImages-2170940780-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-15853\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Many women have chosen to stay in Ukraine, some volunteering for the military while others step in to fill gaps in the economy caused by the absence of so many men. | Sergey Bobok\/AFP via Getty Images<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u201cI have never faced any form of sexism in this industry.\u00a0 We have a woman leading the top defense procurement agency, and a woman, the deputy strategic industries minister \u2026 women take so many different jobs. And I think it is discriminatory even to think we should have any special treatment,\u201d Vysotska said.<\/p>\n<p>The need for additional workers is dire. Since the start of Russia\u2019s February 2022 invasion Ukraine has lost over 30 percent of its labor force, or 5.5 million people, to mobilization, migration and the occupation of Ukrainian territories by Russia, Ukraine\u2019s Confederation of Employers has\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/employers.org.ua\/news\/id2487\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reported<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWomen should play a leading role in the country\u2019s economy. Because our men protect [Ukraine] and they do everything so that the war does not reach us, we must help them at the front and go to courses and master other professions too,\u201d Yavorska said.<\/p>\n<div class=\"sidebar-grid__container\">\n<div class=\"sidebar-grid__content article__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Useful distraction<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Yavorska also has not faced discrimination at her new night job.<\/p>\n<p>While never having shown a knack for tinkering, she is now soldering parts for drones. \u201cWhat I like is that at our enterprise, women are not getting easier tasks. We all work on a production line together,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n<p>Despite the heavy workload, she said she still finds time to make an additional drone or two to send to her husband.<\/p>\n<p>The work also helps her feel that she\u2019s contributing to the war effort.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt helps me. It\u2019s interesting, I\u2019ve learned to solder. It\u2019s hard to assemble drones after work but it helps me to feel useful and helps me not think about how my husband is doing at [the] war front every second of my time. And I think other wives of soldiers should also do this to distract themselves,\u201d Yavorska said.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>A factory refuge<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Valentyna, 40, is also deeply involved in the defense industry. She\u2019s the chair of the board of a defense monopolist, which is why the 40-year-old asked that her name be changed for security reasons, fearing she could otherwise be identified by the Russians.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"sidebar-grid__sidebar\"><\/aside>\n<div class=\"sidebar-grid__container\">\n<div class=\"sidebar-grid__content article__content\">\n<p>\u00a0When Russia first invaded in 2022, Valentyna had been back at her job at an arms company for only a few months after taking maternity leave.<\/p>\n<p>She stayed at the factory, which also sheltered about 4,000 civilians in the company\u2019s bomb shelter.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI remember the sense of primal fear as I watched the horizon turning yellow at night. We were getting ready to stop the Russian military in Kyiv,\u201d Valentyna said.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_15854\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15854\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-15854\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/DSC08609.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/DSC08609.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/DSC08609-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/DSC08609-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-15854\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Valentyna still frequently sleeps on a \u0441ot in her office due to her intense workload. | The Ministry of Strategic Industries of Ukraine<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"sidebar-grid__container\">\n<div class=\"sidebar-grid__content article__content\">\n<p>Production continued even when the area came under siege and finding food became a problem. People had to share, sometimes eating only an egg per day. Several of the top specialists, including Valentyna\u2019s deputy, volunteered for the war; women and retirees took their places.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMy current staff is mostly very senior. Yes, it\u2019s hard for them to work, but their experience is priceless even though some are 80 years and older,\u201d Valentyna said.<\/p>\n<p>In May 2022, as the Russians retreated from Kyiv, the civilians sheltering at the factory left. But Valentyna still frequently sleeps on a \u0441ot in her office due to her intense workload.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"sidebar-grid__sidebar\"><\/aside>\n<div class=\"sidebar-grid__container\">\n<div class=\"sidebar-grid__content article__content\">\n<p>\u201cMy child has special needs. I now only see him on weekends. Thanks to my mom, I am able to work long hours. Sometimes, when everyone is out, I make dumplings and put them in a freezer,\u201d Valentyna said. \u201cTherefore we will never be hungry if we are stuck under siege again.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>More than anything else, Valentyna is afraid the Russians might return. Until the country is safe, she has put her life plans \u2014 which include \u201cthe purchase of a new carpet\u201d \u2014 on pause.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI don\u2019t want to experience the feeling of fear and the [not knowing] what is happening behind the fence. But we have to be ready for anything,\u201d Valentyna said.<\/p>\n<p>And that gives her job special significance.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThey must learn to make high-quality weapons, store them well, and respect them. Weapons ensure the preservation of your life and at least one more generation, [they] guarantee a non-attack. It turned out that the most important thing in this life is a weapon,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Fuente: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/ukraine-women-war-russia-army-defense-men-drone-pilot-offensive-factory-economy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>https:\/\/www.politico.eu<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El art\u00edculo de este prestigioso medio,\u00a0Pol\u00edtico, destaca el importante papel que desempe\u00f1an las mujeres ucranianas en la industria de defensa en medio de la invasi\u00f3n&hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15852,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[37,28],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15851"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15851"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15851\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15855,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15851\/revisions\/15855"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/15852"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15851"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15851"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15851"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}