{"id":16164,"date":"2024-12-17T15:55:15","date_gmt":"2024-12-17T18:55:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/?p=16164"},"modified":"2024-12-17T15:55:15","modified_gmt":"2024-12-17T18:55:15","slug":"china-esta-incorporando-lecciones-del-campo-de-batalla-en-ucrania","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/?p=16164","title":{"rendered":"China est\u00e1 incorporando lecciones del campo de batalla en Ucrania"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Desde la utilizaci\u00f3n de Sistemas Aut\u00f3nomos A\u00e9reos y Terrestres (UAS \u2013UGS), Defensa contra drones (C-UAS) y el empleo m\u00e1s eficiente de los medios de Guerra Electr\u00f3nica (EW) en el \u00e1mbito operacional y t\u00e1ctico, los elementos de conducci\u00f3n del PLA (People&#8217;s Liberation Army &#8211; China), analizan las experiencias de combate que se extraen de la guerra en Ucrania, tratando de ver la manera de incorporarlas en su organizaci\u00f3n y doctrina, pero adem\u00e1s adiestrarse adecuadamente con ellas. Y lo que es muy importante tambi\u00e9n, desarrollar y producir localmente los sistemas de armas necesarios para incorporar esas capacidades. Las autoridades chinas conocen la importancia de aprender de \u201c<em>las guerras de otros<\/em>\u201d, que tal como la historia nos muestra, han permitido en muchos pa\u00edses implementar programas de reorganizaci\u00f3n militar exitosos, antes que la guerra propia se produzca.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"container\">\n<div class=\"l-content-row l-relative\">\n<div class=\"content-body wysiwyg l-content-well wysiwyg-article\">\n<p class=\"drop-cap\">The Ukraine conflict is more than a distant spectacle to\u00a0China\u2019s People\u2019s Liberation Army;\u00a0it offers a real-time battlefield laboratory to study for its own strategic needs. From drone swarms to electronic warfare, its lessons are being methodically analyzed and adapted to reshape the PLA\u2019s own approach to conflict\u2014whether in Taiwan, the Himalayas, or beyond.<\/p>\n<p>The Ukraine conflict has underscored the game-changing role of UAVs in modern warfare, particularly for gathering intelligence, precision targeting, and overwhelming enemy defenses. The PLA is responding by seeking to develop and improve various types of drones, including:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Cost-effective, expendable drones for saturation attacks.<\/li>\n<li>Drones that can mimic Russian and Ukrainian successes at defeating adversary air defenses through scaled, coordinated assaults, according to a<a href=\"https:\/\/tidenews.com.cn\/news.html?id=2958412\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0Chinese reporter<\/a>\u00a0at the recent Zhuhai Airshow.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defenseone.com\/threats\/2023\/12\/loitering-munitions-use-rises-across-ukraine-pilot-training-becomes-new-key-task\/392433\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">First-person-view drones<\/a>, which have demonstrated tactical advantages in Ukraine, particularly for reconnaissance and close-range strikes.<a href=\"https:\/\/url.avanan.click\/v2\/___http:\/www.81.cn\/yw_208727\/16347192.html___.YXAzOmJsdWVwYXRobGFiczphOm86MWUwM2Q0MjY2MDhkZTNlNWY2OWI5N2NjNzUwMTE0Y2Q6Njo0NjQwOjljM2FmYWY1N2ViYTQwNTI4Njg5MjNiY2UzMTM2YzFlOTUzMjQ1MjkzYzk4Yjc2MTU4ZTQxZmY5ZmI3MzFiNTQ6cDpUOk4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0Analysis<\/a>\u00a0from PLA National Defense University\u2019s Joint Operations College officers highlights China&#8217;s push to develop FPVs.<\/li>\n<li>Ultra-low-cost drones. The PLA Air Force recently announced a<a href=\"https:\/\/url.avanan.click\/v2\/___https:\/news.qq.com\/rain\/a\/20241110A04N0K00___.YXAzOmJsdWVwYXRobGFiczphOm86MWUwM2Q0MjY2MDhkZTNlNWY2OWI5N2NjNzUwMTE0Y2Q6Njo0NWIwOjkxZGY5ZGZmYmUyMGMyN2I0ZWZjNDEyOTNlNDMwY2RlZDQxNTk3MTFmMTJjNzA4ZGY4NjE1NDYzNmVjODhiOTE6cDpUOk4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0nationwide competition<\/a>\u00a0to design cheap UAVs capable of autonomous navigation, precision targeting, electronic warfare integration, extended-range reconnaissance, swarm coordination, and logistical support.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Chinese military commentators\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.163.com\/dy\/article\/IV3EH8E105357ZEO.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">note\u00a0<\/a>that the military impact of these structured innovation efforts will be amplified by the country\u2019s industrial strength. Many ultra-low-cost drones deployed by Ukraine originated from Shenzhen&#8217;s Huaqiangbei electronics hub. China&#8217;s dominance in commercial drone manufacturing helps give the PLA cost-effective reconnaissance and precision-strike solutions, and sets it up to dominate small drone-enabled asymmetric warfare.<\/p>\n<p>This strategy aligns with Beijing\u2019s broader goals of achieving technological superiority and operational readiness for high-stakes engagements. In particular, it supports the PLA push for &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.defenseone.com\/ideas\/2021\/09\/how-chinese-strategists-think-ai-will-power-military-leap-ahead\/185409\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">intelligentized warfare<\/a>,&#8221; emphasizing drones&#8217; role in creating a cohesive network of real-time data sharing across units.\u00a0 PLA UAV strategy discusses AI-driven coordination systems that will enable drones to collaborate on precision targeting and area denial without direct human input. The PLA also aims to use drones for sustained surveillance, battlefield mapping, and extending the reach of indirect fire capabilities. These efforts demonstrate a transformative approach to tactical warfare.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"container\">\n<div class=\"l-content-row l-relative\">\n<div class=\"content-body wysiwyg l-content-well content-body-last\">\n<p>By demonstrating the decisive role of integrated networks in managing drone operations, electronic warfare, and precision targeting, the Ukraine war shaped the PLA\u2019s April <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defenseone.com\/ideas\/2024\/04\/farewell-chinas-strategic-support-force-lets-meet-its-replacement\/396143\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reorganization\u00a0<\/a>of its Strategic Support Force into three co-equal forces: the Aerospace Force, Cyberspace Force, and Information Support Force. The PLA aims to create a cohesive, real-time information ecosystem to increase operational agility and joint force effectiveness. Chinese leader Xi Jinping himself recently\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.globaltimes.cn\/page\/202412\/1324415.shtml?utm_source=semafor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">inspected<\/a>\u00a0the information-support force, signaling China&#8217;s intent to align its military modernization with emerging trends in data-driven, high-tech warfare.<\/p>\n<p>Some lessons come not from Ukraine but Russia, which has\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/economictimes.indiatimes.com\/news\/international\/world-news\/america-is-worried-russia-is-sharing-ukraine-lessons-with-china\/articleshow\/111808559.cms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reportedly<\/a>\u00a0provided tactical insights into countering advanced Western systems, such as neutralizing precision munitions via electronic warfare. And joint technological initiatives, such as the development of Shahed-style drones, show Beijing\u2019s ability to use Russian and Iranian innovations to refine its arsenal and tactics.<\/p>\n<p><b>On the ground<\/b><\/p>\n<p>The PLA views UAV integration as key to ground forces\u2019 lethality and survivability. This is seen in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/url.avanan.click\/v2\/___https:\/www.163.com\/dy\/article\/JHRAVMEK0535T18G.html?spss=dy_author___.YXAzOmJsdWVwYXRobGFiczphOm86MWUwM2Q0MjY2MDhkZTNlNWY2OWI5N2NjNzUwMTE0Y2Q6NjpmYzhhOmI2YjZlZTcwZTA1ZWQyNjMyMzkwZWIwYjJiMmNiZDMxOTE0ZGNjMGU3MTU3OWNmZGM0ZWJkMGUyNDIxMTQ4M2U6cDpUOk4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chinese reports<\/a>\u00a0about the Russian ambush of a Ukrainian Leopard 2 tank; they emphasized how the situational awareness provided by drones enabled precision strikes against a numerically superior convoy. It is also seen in the<a href=\"https:\/\/url.avanan.click\/v2\/___https:\/caifuhao.eastmoney.com\/news\/20241108085300348429200___.YXAzOmJsdWVwYXRobGFiczphOm86MWUwM2Q0MjY2MDhkZTNlNWY2OWI5N2NjNzUwMTE0Y2Q6Njo2Y2E0OmEwMzhjNDI4ZjZhYzJlZjM2MTVlOGEzOTcwOGZlNDdjNGVlNjNhODdjZWIxNjNmZDA4NTY1OTk2MjNjZDA1MzU6cDpUOk4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0VT4A1 main battle tank<\/a>\u00a0unveiled at this year\u2019s Zhuhai Airshow. The tank\u2019s vertical-takeoff-and-landing drone, with optical and infrared sensors and a 10-kilometer range, highlights the PLA&#8217;s push to for better situational awareness.<\/p>\n<p>Inspired by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/c.m.163.com\/news\/a\/JILBI3V90515D8SH.html?from=subscribe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ukraine&#8217;s use<\/a>\u00a0of unmanned ground vehicles for logistics, reconnaissance, and combat, the PLA has introduced logistics UGVs whose modular payloads can haul materiel, evacuate casualties, and provide close-combat support. It is also testing armed UGVs with AI targeting systems for urban warfare and perimeter defense.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.81.cn\/yw_208727\/16351883.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reports<\/a>\u00a0emphasize giving UGVs advanced sensors and communication gear so they can be integrated into broader operations with UAVs and manned assets.<\/p>\n<p>An October exercise under the Western Theater Command\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=dFucEOvFg44\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">used\u00a0<\/a>small UAVs and UGVs for ISR and targeting. Illustrating PLA efforts to build them into field operations. It might also signal a doctrinal shift toward asymmetrical and high-tech solutions.<\/p>\n<p>When Russia turned to stand-off armor\u2014also known as \u201cslat armor\u201d or \u201ccope cages\u201d\u2014to fend off Ukrainian drone attacks, PLA strategists\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.163.com\/dy\/article\/JIBU6TK20553D88Y.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">took note<\/a>. Some of China\u2019s Type 15 light tanks have been\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sohu.com\/a\/814759317_120649655\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">equipped<\/a>\u00a0with similar gear. Others, such as the VT4A1 and the Type 99A, are being upgraded with advanced active protection systems such as the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ZMp9Lvr0vfI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GL-6<\/a>, which uses radar and infrared sensors to spot and intercept drones and anti-tank missiles. This underscores the PLA&#8217;s intent to equip its armored platforms with a multi-layered defense system that combines reactive and stand-off armor, active protection systems, and integrated soft-kill defenses.<\/p>\n<p>PLA commenters have\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/url.avanan.click\/v2\/___https:\/www.163.com\/dy\/article\/JI8DARA00535T18G.html?spss=dy_author___.YXAzOmJsdWVwYXRobGFiczphOm86MWUwM2Q0MjY2MDhkZTNlNWY2OWI5N2NjNzUwMTE0Y2Q6NjpkMjc0OjAwZGY3NDhmMjkyNzA3YmM1NDE1MjhkNDlkMjMxZjcxZmQ1MGNjMGFjMDgyOWY5ZjE5ZTFjZTVlYWI4M2Y4MGQ6cDpUOk4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">suggested<\/a>\u00a0the PLA\u2019s new lightweight 120mm mortar, equipped with a digital fire control system and precision-guided munitions, could be used to target drone operators\u2014especially when paired with portable electronic-warfare devices. This proposal to combine traditional firepower with EW also reflects a broader PLA shift toward integrated defense operations.<\/p>\n<p>The Ukraine conflict has drastically reinforced the importance of EW\u2014as have India\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sohu.com\/a\/816718901_121752852?scm=thor.279_13-101000-0_922.0-0.10095.a2_5X162X1532&amp;spm=smpc.home.mil-news.3.1728982803035oXoZw5N_1467\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">advancements\u00a0<\/a>in kamikaze drones, which have\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/url.avanan.click\/v2\/___https:\/news.qq.com\/rain\/a\/20241007A05ERW00___.YXAzOmJsdWVwYXRobGFiczphOm86MWUwM2Q0MjY2MDhkZTNlNWY2OWI5N2NjNzUwMTE0Y2Q6NjozYjAzOmQ3M2M3MjVjNTkwZDI0YjI4YTVlNmM0NDk1ZWYwOTNhYWI3MDkzNmMxZmQwNDk0OGFjNmU0YmQ3NzEyYWYyNzU6cDpUOk4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">raised alarms<\/a>\u00a0within the PLA. China is deploying EW systems such as the J-16D electronic warfare aircraft and ground-based EW units to disrupt drone communications and GPS signals along its border with India.<\/p>\n<p><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/p>\n<p>From unmanned systems and counter-drone defenses to EW, these adaptations highlight a calculated strategy to use battlefield lessons and integrate them into an evolving military doctrine. To be sure, questions remain about the PLA\u2019s ability to operationalize these innovations effectively, particularly under the constraints of centralized command structures and the limited real-world testing of new tactics. Yet they do indicate a serious intent to learn from others\u2019 wars, the historic hallmark of successful military change programs.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Fuente: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defenseone.com\/ideas\/2024\/12\/how-china-adopting-battlefield-lessons-ukraine\/401694\/?oref=d_brief_nl&amp;utm_source=Sailthru&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=The%20D%20Brief:%20December%2017%2C%202024&amp;utm_term=newsletter_d1_dbrief\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>https:\/\/www.defenseone.com<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Desde la utilizaci\u00f3n de Sistemas Aut\u00f3nomos A\u00e9reos y Terrestres (UAS \u2013UGS), Defensa contra drones (C-UAS) y el empleo m\u00e1s eficiente de los medios de Guerra&hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16165,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18,2,28],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16164"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16164"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16164\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16166,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16164\/revisions\/16166"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/16165"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16164"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16164"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16164"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}