{"id":2288,"date":"2017-09-12T10:44:38","date_gmt":"2017-09-12T13:44:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nachodelatorre.com.ar\/mosconi\/?p=2288"},"modified":"2017-09-12T10:44:38","modified_gmt":"2017-09-12T13:44:38","slug":"el-proyecto-popeye-un-intento-de-modificacion-del-clima-como-arma-durante-la-guerra-de-vietnam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/?p=2288","title":{"rendered":"El proyecto Popeye, un intento de modificaci\u00f3n del clima como arma durante la guerra de Vietnam"},"content":{"rendered":"

Este art\u00edculo muestra los esfuerzos de Irving Langmuir, premio Nobel de qu\u00edmica por sus trabajos en qu\u00edmica de superficies, quien a partir de investigaciones sobre m\u00e9todos para evitar la formaci\u00f3n de hielo en alas de aviones en vuelo durante la IIda GM, pens\u00f3 que \u201csembrando\u201d nubes tanto con hielo seco como con ioduros pod\u00eda iniciar anticipadamente precipitaciones y de esa manera evitar o reducir los da\u00f1os que ocasionaban las tormentas. Ya muerto Langmuir, durante la guerra de Vietnam, EEUU pens\u00f3 en utilizar esta metodolog\u00eda para incrementar el nivel de lluvias de los monzones t\u00edpicos de la zona con el fin de provocar inundaciones que impidiesen el uso de las rutas log\u00edsticas del Viet Cong. Esta operaci\u00f3n se llam\u00f3 Proyecto Popeye y result\u00f3 en \u201csembrar\u201d nubes con ioduro de plata desde 1967 a 1972 con dudosos resultados pr\u00e1cticos. Hoy dicho tipo de operaci\u00f3n est\u00e1 prohibido por la convenci\u00f3n ENMOD, que proh\u00edbe la modificaci\u00f3n del medio ambiente con fines militares.<\/p>\n

\"AThe chemist Irving Langmuir had already won a Nobel Prize, but he\u2019d never screamed in delight during an experiment before. It was November 13, 1946. He was standing in a control tower at the Schenectady, New York, airport, watching a small prop plane go buzzing overhead. Fourteen thousand feet above him, his assistant was leaning out the plane\u2019s window, tossing pellets of dry ice into a cloud. Seconds later, the cloud \u201cbegan to writhe as if in torment,\u201d one witness recalled. Within five minutes, the cloud had disappeared, transformed into rain. Even before the plane landed, he raced off to telephone a reporter. Mankind, he shouted into the receiver, had finally learned to control the weather.<\/p>\n

In his day job, Langmuir studied surface chemistry at General Electric Labs in upstate New York. In contrast to most corporate labs, at GE he had a free hand to research whatever he fancied, and during World War II, he began studying the buildup of ice on airplane wings. This led to a series of field studies at nearby Mount Washington, in New Hampshire. The mountain often produced mists of \u201csupercooled\u201d water that, despite registering far below 32 degrees Fahrenheit, refused to freeze into ice. This Schr\u00f6dinger\u2019s cat\u2013like indeterminacy\u2014how could water not freeze below its freezing point?\u2014intrigued Langmuir, and he wanted to know more.<\/p>\n

To help with the work, he engaged an assistant named Vincent Schaefer. Schaefer started his experiments by commandeering a $240 open-top GE freezer ($3,000 today). He lined it with black velvet so he could see any ice crystals that formed, then huffed into the cold air to introduce moisture, which became supercooled. Yet week after week, no matter how he varied the conditions in the freezer, the water in his breath never condensed into ice.<\/p>\n

Fuente:\u00a0https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Este art\u00edculo muestra los esfuerzos de Irving Langmuir, premio Nobel de qu\u00edmica por sus trabajos en qu\u00edmica de superficies, quien a partir de investigaciones sobre… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[29,24],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2288"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2288"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2288\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2288"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2288"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2288"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}