{"id":3238,"date":"2018-09-06T13:05:21","date_gmt":"2018-09-06T16:05:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nachodelatorre.com.ar\/mosconi\/?p=3238"},"modified":"2018-09-06T13:05:21","modified_gmt":"2018-09-06T16:05:21","slug":"como-se-esta-preparando-eeuu-para-competir-con-el-desarrollo-tecnologico-de-china-y-rusia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/?p=3238","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f3mo se est\u00e1 preparando EEUU para competir con el desarrollo tecnol\u00f3gico de China y Rusia"},"content":{"rendered":"
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La oficina de I+D del Pent\u00e1gono ha proporcionado algunos n\u00fameros y detalles.<\/span><\/div>\n
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\"BaoUntil this week,\u00a0U.S.\u00a0Defense Department leaders had publicly described their technology race against China and Russia mostly as a\u00a0bullet list of research priorities. Now a top research-and-engineering official has added detail about efforts to surmount key technical and physical challenges. At a Wednesday event put on by the National Defense Industry Association, Mary Miller, the assistant defense secretary for research and engineering, discussed directed-energy weapons,\u00a0AI, quantum science, next-generation communications, and\u00a0more.<\/p>\n

Directed\u00a0Energy<\/strong><\/p>\n

It\u2019s not just\u00a0sharks with frickin\u2019 lasers. Directed-energy weapons will be on jets, ships, tanks, and in space. All of the services, save the Coast Guard, are building direct energy prototypes and doing research in the area, said Miller, spending $661 million this fiscal year, and a planned total of $2.28 billion from 2019 to\u00a02023.<\/p>\n

\u201cPeople will ask, why do you spend so much in directed energy?\u2026We really need the services to understand and utilize\u201d it, she said. The\u00a0falling price of combined fiber lasers\u00a0has opened the possibility of powerful and scalable lasers at cost, weight, and efficiency levels that would have been impossible a few decades ago. The department also sees near-term applications for high-powered microwave weapons, such Raytheon\u2019s\u00a0CHAMP\u00a0electronics-frying\u00a0drone.<\/p>\n

But the department needs yet more, especially in terms of power, Miller said. \u201cWe are coming up on 100 kilowatts,\u201d in capability she said. But \u201cwe have missions that require 300 kilowatt[s].\u201d This may have been a reference to intercepting missiles from the air in boost phase. \u201cI\u2019ve even heard \u20182 megawatts\u2019 out of the Navy,\u201d she went on. (For reference, one megawatt will power nearly 1,000 homes.) \u201cThese are issues that are technical in nature, not in desire. We know what we want. We want more\u00a0power.\u201d<\/p>\n

And yet in some cases, more power isn\u2019t the key. \u201cResearch will also look at whether going to a one megawatt for a sea-based or ground-based laser makes sense,\u201d she said. \u201cThere\u2019s an aspect of physics called\u00a0thermal blooming, which may make it such that more power just creates a\u00a0plasma\u00a0[electrified gas] in front of you and the power doesn\u2019t get to the\u00a0target.\u201d<\/p>\n

These are the sorts of issues the Department needs to resolve before committing to a \u00a0direct energy program of record. \u201cPrototyping and experimentation [will help the Department] figure all of these things\u00a0out.\u201d<\/p>\n

Communications, Cyber, and\u00a0Space<\/strong><\/p>\n

Uneven communication service has bedeviled the military for years. \u201cWe have small groups go out, become disconnected from the network, come back in, have to re-acquire the network and we have challenges with that,\u201d Miller said. \u201cIt was one of those issues we were trying to work for our kids in Afghanistan. It\u2019s not suitable where it stands\u00a0today.\u201d<\/p>\n

On the future battlefield, every soldier, satellite, vehicle, \u00a0and even nuclear weapon should be digitally linked, said Miller,\u00a0echoing a goal put forward by top commanders. \u201cWe have this desire for joint, networked multi-domain battle,\u201d she said; uniform and ubiquitous communications is a \u201ccritical enabler\u201d of\u00a0that.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe are looking at how do we create a joint architecture so that we can all link the services underneath, so that, at the combatant command level, they have access and redundant access to comms at all layers,\u201d she said. The goal should be communication that can\u2019t be interrupted, because each party has many options or avenues to send the message or data. It\u2019s an effort the military has\u00a0tried before with limited success.<\/p>\n

\u201cIf you need to send information and you have some nodes that go out of network? That\u2019s okay. Much like a cell phone or an internet, you find another route. This is a very beautiful idea that the Army has tried for years. It\u2019s a very difficult idea,\u201d she said. A joint communications architecture, or standard, across service, platform, and domain, is a lot easier to implement if you are working in a more homogeneous data and network environment. That may explain part of the reason for the Pentagon\u2019s\u00a0insistence\u00a0on a single provider for its massive Joint Enterprise Defense Infrastructure, or\u00a0JEDI.<\/p>\n

So the military is looking at how to create a joint architecture to \u201clink the services underneath,\u201d with an eye on commercial trends like the plummeting cost and size of low-earth-orbit\u00a0satellites.<\/p>\n

An additional concern is how to use old communication equipment in an environment defined by sophisticated jamming techniques. For years, the military and industry have been refining processes for taking radio functions normally embedded in hardware and recreating them in software. Such \u201csoftware-defined radios\u201d can move between frequences much more readily than traditional radios, hardening them against jamming. The trick is taking a sophisticated, cutting-edge technique and making it work in old equipment. \u201cWe are looking at how do you use software-defined radios to be backward compatible,\u201d said Miller, saying that the experimentation is \u201cin early days, but absolutely has to be\u00a0done.\u201d<\/p>\n

On communications equipment, the military will spend $8.38 billion this year, and a planned total of $40.8 billion from 2019 to\u00a02023.<\/p>\n

On space, \u201cwe are looking at what new architectures to put in place,\u201d meaning how to achieve the right mix of Defense Department and commercial satellites. To make it even harder to screw up communications between the soldiers, machines, the earth and the heavens, the Department is plugging a lot more money into light-based, or\u00a0optical communications,\u00a0whose line-of-sight beams are difficult to\u00a0intercept.<\/p>\n

The Department expects to spend $619 million on research and development for space modernization this year, and a total of $2.48 billion from 2019 to\u00a02023.<\/p>\n

Microelectronics<\/strong><\/p>\n

One of the sleeper national security concerns of the next decade is the microelectronics\u00a0market.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe Chinese are being very forthcoming\u201d about their ambitions to \u201cdominate microelectronics globally by 2030\u201d says Miller, highlighting\u00a0U.S.\u00a0estimates\u00a0that China will spend $150 billion over the next 10 to 15 years. The Chinese government has forecast that China will own 70 percent of the global market for microelectronics by then. \u201cThis is something the United States Department of Defense is very concerned about,\u201d said Miller. \u201cWe are significantly investing here ourselves to create a public-private partnership to bring microelectronics fabrication, research and design back to the U.S.\u201d Research and design are the easy part. The fabrication is the big challenge, since\u00a0U.S.\u00a0industry outsourced that years ago to cheaper labor markets. It\u2019s a trend the Defense Department is eager to reverse, at least somewhat. \u201cWe are leading the charge with industry who sees their future at\u00a0risk.\u201d<\/p>\n

The Department plans to spend $42 million this year on microelectronics research, $2.2 billion between 2019 and 2023, according to a slide in Miller\u2019s\u00a0presentation.<\/p>\n

Artificial intelligence and\u00a0Autonomy<\/strong><\/p>\n

Much has\u00a0been written\u00a0about the department\u2019s new plans to stand up a Joint Artificial intelligence Center. Miller cautioned against industry hype, saying that the most of what passes for \u201cartificial intelligence\u201d in marketing brochures today is actually just data science. The field is a long way from what the Defense Department really wants, expert systems that can help commanders and operators make much better decisions in real time. But the investment and the commitment is\u00a0there.<\/p>\n

She listed autonomy as a separate category with its own set of challenges rooted in the interface between humans and smarter machines. Getting humans to trust their interactions with highly autonomous systems is a new and rapidly advancing field. In private and commercial settings, there\u2019s plenty of low-stakes experimentation. The Defense Department use case is rather\u00a0different.<\/p>\n

The department has a sense of what it wants from artificial intelligence in terms of refining logistics and expediting decision making, with autonomy, the policies that will guide their use remain in flux. \u201cWe will have worked out the policy\u2026 by the time you get it,\u201d she promised on\u00a0autonomy.<\/p>\n

The department will spend $1.9 billion on autonomy research this year, and some $10.3 billion between 2019 and\u00a02023.<\/p>\n

Quantum\u00a0Science<\/strong><\/p>\n

Similarly, Miller noted that quantum science research is still in its infancy and \u201ccertainly overhyped,\u201d especially in terms of scalable quantum computation \u2014 that is, making a computer that manipulates\u00a0qubits\u00a0rather than binary bits. But the Defense Department has already found some near-term uses for the science, in\u00a0precision navigation and timing, for which it currently relies mostly on the Global Positioning\u00a0System.<\/p>\n

In the last few years, accelerometers, atomic clocks and gyros have improved a thousand-fold, Miller said. The Department, she said, is also exploring \u201ccrypto-modernization to protect against the threats of any future quantum computer,\u201d addressing\u00a0a common, if perhaps misplaced, concern\u00a0among information security\u00a0geeks.<\/p>\n

This year, the department will spend $96 million on the field, with a planned \u00a0$565 million between 2019 and\u00a02023.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n
Fuente:\u00a0https:\/\/www.nextgov.com<\/a><\/em><\/div>\n

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La oficina de I+D del Pent\u00e1gono ha proporcionado algunos n\u00fameros y detalles.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[23,29],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3238"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3238"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3238\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3238"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3238"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3238"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}