{"id":3869,"date":"2019-04-30T12:37:29","date_gmt":"2019-04-30T15:37:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nachodelatorre.com.ar\/mosconi\/?p=3869"},"modified":"2019-04-30T12:37:29","modified_gmt":"2019-04-30T15:37:29","slug":"armas-autonomas-con-capacidad-letal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/?p=3869","title":{"rendered":"Armas aut\u00f3nomas con capacidad letal"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/u><\/b>Los dirigentes de las potencias mundiales est\u00e1n convencidos que aquel que lidere\u00a0 el desarrollo de sistemas de armas aut\u00f3nomas, operando en equipo con los combatientes humanos empleando inteligencia artificial (AI), ser\u00e1 el que ejerza el Poder Global. El presente art\u00edculo analiza si existe un adecuado C\u00f3digo de \u00c9tica para el empleo de Armas Aut\u00f3nomas con capacidad letal.<\/div>\n

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\"EthicsCan a victor truly be crowned in the\u00a0great power competition<\/a>\u00a0for artificial intelligence?<\/p>\n

According to Russian President\u00a0Vladimir Putin<\/a>, \u201cwhoever becomes the leader in this sphere will become the ruler of the world.\u201d<\/p>\n

But the life of a state, much like that of a human being, is always subject to shifts of fortune.<\/p>\n

To illustrate, let\u2019s consider this\u00a0ancient tale<\/a>. At a lavish banquet King Croesus asked\u00a0Solon of Athens<\/a>\u00a0if he knew anyone more fortunate than Croesus; to which Solon wisely answered: \u201cThe future bears down upon each one of us with all the hazards of the unknown, and we can only count a man happy when the gods have granted him good fortune to the end.\u201d<\/p>\n

Thus, to better prepare the U.S. for sustainable leadership in AI innovation and military ethics, I recommend a set of principles to guide human warfighters in employing lethal autonomous weapon systems \u2014 armed robots.<\/p>\n

Sustainable leadership<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

By 2035<\/a>\u00a0the U.S. expects to have ground forces teaming up with robots. The discussion on how autonomous weapon systems should responsibly be integrated with human military elements, however, is slowly unfolding. As Congress\u00a0begins evaluating<\/a>\u00a0what the Defense Department should do, it must also consider preparing tomorrow\u2019s warfighters for how armed robots will test military ethics.<\/p>\n

As a beginning point of reference,\u00a0Isaac Asimov\u2019s Three Laws of Robotics<\/a>require: (1) a robot must not harm humans; (2) a robot must follow all instructions by humans, except if following those instructions would violate the first law; and (3) a robot must protect itself, so long as its actions do not violate the first or second laws. Unfortunately, these laws are silent on how human ethics apply here. Thus, my research into autonomous weapon systems and ethical theories re-imagines Asimov\u2019s Laws and offers a new code of conduct for servicemembers.<\/p>\n

What is a code of conduct?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Fundamentally, it is a set of beliefs on how to behave. Each service branch teaches members to follow a code of conduct like the\u00a0Soldier\u2019s Creed and Warrior Ethos<\/a>, the\u00a0Airman\u2019s Creed<\/a>, and the\u00a0Sailor\u2019s Creed<\/a>. Reflected across these distinct codes, however, is a shared commitment to a value-system of duty, honor, and integrity, among others.<\/p>\n

Drawing inspiration from these concepts and several robotics strategy assessments by the\u00a0Marine Corps<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Army<\/a>, I offer a guiding vision \u2014 a human Warrior-in-the-Design Code of Conduct.<\/p>\n

The\u00a0Warrior-in-the-Design<\/a>\u00a0concept embodies both the\u00a0Defense Directive<\/a>that autonomous systems be designed to support the human judgment of commanders and operators in employing lethal force, and Human Rights Watch’s definition of\u00a0human-out-of-the-loop weapons<\/a>\u00a0i.e.,\u00a0<\/em>robots that can select targets and apply force without human input or interaction.<\/p>\n

The Warrior-in-the-Design Code of Conduct for Servicemembers:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n