{"id":6585,"date":"2020-09-30T12:09:07","date_gmt":"2020-09-30T15:09:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/?p=6585"},"modified":"2020-09-30T12:13:59","modified_gmt":"2020-09-30T15:13:59","slug":"el-wi-fi-optico-permite-comunicaciones-submarinas-ultrarrapidas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/?p=6585","title":{"rendered":"El Wi-Fi \u00f3ptico permite comunicaciones submarinas ultrarr\u00e1pidas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Hydromea, empresa derivada de EPFL, ha desarrollado un m\u00f3dem \u00f3ptico en miniatura que puede funcionar hasta 6.000 metros por debajo de la superficie del oc\u00e9ano. Es lo suficientemente sensible como para recopilar datos a velocidades muy altas entre equipos situados a m\u00e1s de 50 metros de distancia.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/yeSrJgPFWV0\" width=\"538\" height=\"302\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>If you want to use a connected device underwater, you don\u2019t have many options. Radio waves don\u2019t work well \u2013 they are easily absorbed by water, meaning they can\u2019t go much further than a meter. Many sensors only offer a wired connection, but they are impractical because you have to remove the devices from the water to recover their data. Acoustic communication is often used, but it is very slow and unreliable. These are significant obstacles to effective communications when it comes to underwater construction, inspection, monitoring and repair activities \u2013 such as in the offshore energy sector. Limnology research is another field affected by this problem.<\/p>\n<p>However, the engineers at Hydromea have come up with a solution: using light to transmit data below the ocean or lake surface. They have developed an underwater modem called LUMA that communicates through a rapidly blinking blue light. The modem converts data into light pulses that it sends out, or inversely, converts light pulses that it receives into data \u2013 all in the blink of an eye. \u201cOur optical modem gives you a fast wireless underwater connection,\u201d says Alexander Bahr, Hydromea\u2019s COO.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_6586\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6586\" style=\"width: 898px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6586\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/4e0f77b6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"898\" height=\"599\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/4e0f77b6.jpg 898w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/4e0f77b6-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/4e0f77b6-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 898px) 100vw, 898px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6586\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00a9 2020 EPFL Alain Herzog, the LUMA underwater optical modem communicates with blue light<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>On the same wavelength <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe chose blue light because even though water is generally opaque for electromagnetic waves, there is a small transparency band for blue and green light. That\u2019s what lets our system send and receive data over long distances,\u201d says Felix Schill, the company\u2019s CTO. While water readily absorbs most waves, and especially infrared ones, just blue and green light can travel through it. The red and yellow light waves of the sun are absorbed in just a few meters.<\/p>\n<p>The hardest part about developing LUMA was making sure it could send data over long enough distances and work reliably under all sorts of conditions. \u201cBecause light generally diffuses so rapidly underwater, finding a way to send communications over distances of 50 or 100 meters was difficult,\u201d says Schill. \u201cIt took us a long time to develop a receiver sensitive enough to capture tiny light pulses even from far away.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_6587\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6587\" style=\"width: 1920px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6587\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/963008da.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/963008da.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/963008da-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/963008da-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/963008da-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/963008da-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6587\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00a9 2020 EPFL Alain Herzog, Felix Schill and Damien Doy work on the light pulse receiver<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Plumbing the depths<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>LUMA is designed to work at depths of up to 6,000 meters. It\u2019s a fully contained unit in a plastic casing, which is completely encased in clear plastic so it doesn\u2019t collapse under extreme water pressures. The system has already been tested in the Pacific Ocean, at 4,280 meters below sea level, by scientists at the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, in Germany. That\u2019s the first research institute that Bahr and Schill began working with. \u201cWe were later contacted by companies operating offshore that were interested in our technology for laying underwater pipelines or building foundations for offshore wind farms,\u201d says Bahr.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_6588\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6588\" style=\"width: 2560px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6588\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/2baee56d-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/2baee56d-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/2baee56d-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/2baee56d-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/2baee56d-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/2baee56d-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/2baee56d-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6588\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00a9 2020 EPFL Alain Herzog, Alexander Bahr and Felix Schill prepare their modem<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Bahr and Schill started researching underwater Wi-Fi systems when they were both students in Australia back in 2004. They fleshed out the details of their design over the years, and finalized it during their post-doc work at EPFL. Today they still collaborate with the School. For instance, they are helping develop robotics and communications systems for L\u00e9XPLORE, a research platform located just off the shores of Lake Geneva, neat Pully Vidy.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_6590\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6590\" style=\"width: 2560px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6590\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/f7a15250-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/f7a15250-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/f7a15250-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/f7a15250-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/f7a15250-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/f7a15250-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/f7a15250-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6590\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00a9 2020 EPFL Alain Herzog, L\u00e9XPLORE platform off Vidy<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>There, limnologists are using LUMA to regularly check on the data collected underwater and make sure the measurement instruments are working properly, since the sensors need to remain underwater for months at a time. One modem is installed on the data logger which collects scientific data from the submerged sensors and the other modem is installed on a subsea robot that dives down to where the sensors are located and collects the sensors\u2019 data instantly. \u201cThe L\u00e9XPLORE scientists give us feedback on their specific needs, and this helps us further improve our modem\u2019s performance,\u201d says Bahr.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_6589\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6589\" style=\"width: 2560px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6589\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/17935830-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/17935830-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/17935830-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/17935830-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/17935830-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/17935830-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/17935830-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6589\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00a9 2020 EPFL Alain Herzog, a robot lowers the modem to the bottom of the water<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Fuente:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/actu.epfl.ch\/news\/optical-wi-fi-allows-for-ultrafast-underwater-comm\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>https:\/\/actu.epfl.ch<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hydromea, empresa derivada de EPFL, ha desarrollado un m\u00f3dem \u00f3ptico en miniatura que puede funcionar hasta 6.000 metros por debajo de la superficie del oc\u00e9ano.&hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6592,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[23],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6585"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6585"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6585\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6591,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6585\/revisions\/6591"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6592"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6585"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6585"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fie.undef.edu.ar\/ceptm\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6585"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}