Investigadores de la Universidad Metropolitana de Tokio, descubrieron que las nanopartículas de oro apoyadas en una superficie de óxido de circonio ayudan a convertir materiales de desecho, como la biomasa y el poliéster, en compuestos de organosilano, sustancias químicas valiosas que se utilizan en una amplia gama de aplicaciones.La cantidad de plástico que se produce en el mundo cada año ha aumentado de 2 millones de toneladas en 1950 a más de 390 millones de toneladas en 2021, según datos de Plastic Soup Foundation.
Since C(sp3)–O bonds are a ubiquitous chemical motif in both natural and artificial organic molecules, the universal transformation of C(sp3)–O bonds will be a key technology for achieving carbon neutrality. We report herein that gold nanoparticles supported on amphoteric metal oxides, namely, ZrO2, efficiently generated alkyl radicals via homolysis of unactivated C(sp3)–O bonds, which consequently promoted C(sp3)–Si bond formation to give diverse organosilicon compounds. A wide array of esters and ethers, which are either commercially available or easily synthesized from alcohols participated in the heterogeneous gold-catalyzed silylation by disilanes to give diverse alkyl-, allyl-, benzyl-, and allenyl silanes in high yields. In addition, this novel reaction technology for C(sp3)–O bond transformation could be applied to the upcycling of polyesters, i.e., the degradation of polyesters and the synthesis of organosilanes were realized concurrently by the unique catalysis of supported gold nanoparticles. Mechanistic studies corroborated the notion that the generation of alkyl radicals is involved in C(sp3)–Si coupling and the cooperation of gold and an acid–base pair on ZrO2 is responsible for the homolysis of stable C(sp3)–O bonds. The high reusability and air tolerance of the heterogeneous gold catalysts as well as a simple, scalable, and green reaction system enabled the practical synthesis of diverse organosilicon compounds.
Fuente: https://pubs.acs.org
