Investigadores del Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, han desarrollado nuevas estructuras celulares híbridas de tipo panal y telaraña, inspiradas en los diseños similares de la naturaleza, para lograr una absorción de energía eficiente en situaciones de impacto. Estas estructuras se han optimizado en cuanto a geometría y topología para mejorar la absorción de energía ante el impacto de una masa determinada. Los diseños optimizados se sometieron a pruebas bajo cargas dinámicas, como aplastamiento e impactos de proyectiles a alta velocidad. Se lograron eficiencias de aplastamiento superiores al 95 %, superando los diseños tradicionales. Se utilizaron diseños de celdas unitarias similares jerárquicas a partir del análisis de aplastamiento para crear núcleos para estructuras tipo sándwich. Las pruebas de impacto de munición calibre 9×19 mm mostraron que estas estructuras tipo sándwich resisten velocidades de impacto de hasta 170 m/s y 270 m/s, respectivamente, compensando los diseños en cada etapa para evitar zonas débiles y lograr una resistencia al impacto uniforme.
Abstract
Inspired by nature’s self-similar designs, novel honeycomb-spiderweb based self-similar hybrid cellular structures are proposed here for efficient energy absorption in impact applications. The energy absorption is enhanced by optimizing the geometry and topology for a given mass. The proposed hybrid cellular structure is arrived after a thorough analysis of topologically enhanced self-similar structures. The optimized cell designs are rigorously tested considering dynamic loads involving crush and high-velocity bullet impact. Furthermore, the influence of thickness, radial connectivity, and order of patterning at the unit cell level are also investigated. The maximum crushing efficiency attained is found to be more than 95%, which is significantly higher than most existing traditional designs. Later on, the first and second-order hierarchical self-similar unit cell designs developed during crush analysis are used to prepare the cores for sandwich structures. Impact tests are performed on the developed sandwich structures using the standard 9-mm parabellum. The influence of multistaging on impact resistance is also investigated by maintaining a constant total thickness and mass of the sandwich structure. Moreover, in order to avoid layer-wise weak zones and hence, attain a uniform out-of-plane impact strength, off-setting the designs in each stage is proposed. The sandwich structures with first and second-order self-similar hybrid cores are observed to withstand impact velocities as high as 170 m/s and 270 m/s, respectively.
Fuente: https://www.sciencedirect.com